![]() ![]() Hitting in baseball, no matter what level, is one of the most difficult things an athlete can do. What Walker has done in his time in Milwaukee is impressive and deserving of our admiration. As interest in the American Association, and independent baseball, continues to increase and players continue to join, Walker has set a high bar for others to reach for. Walker is the first & only player to accomplish this honor. There have been instances were teams had back to back players, but never one single individual. This section is not meant to be a complete bibliography a searchable, annotated bibliography of published and unpublished papers dealing with habitat needs of grassland birds and their responses to habitat management is posted at the Web site mentioned below.A post shared by Milwaukee Milkmen Association Historyĭating back to the revival of the league back in 2006, no player has ever had multiple player of the year honors, let alone back to back. The literature cited contains references to published and unpublished literature on the management effects and habitat requirements of the species. If management recommendations differ in different portions of the species’ breeding range, recommendations are given separately by region. ![]() The section on management recommendations complements the previous section and summarizes specific recommendations for habitat management provided in the literature. Species’ response to management summarizes the current knowledge and major findings in the literature on the effects of different management practices on the species. The duration and timing of breeding varies among regions and years. The section on breeding-season phenology and site fidelity includes details on spring arrival and fall departure for migratory populations in the Great Plains, peak breeding periods, the tendency to renest after nest failure or success, and the propensity to return to a previous breeding site. ![]() The impact of management depends, in part, upon a species’ nesting phenology and biology. The section on cowbird brood parasitism summarizes rates of cowbird parasitism, host responses to parasitism, and factors that influence parasitism, such as nest concealment and host density. The Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) is an obligate brood parasite of many grassland birds. It may be futile to manage a small block of suitable habitat for a species that has minimum area requirements that are larger than the area being managed. The area requirements section provides details on territory and home range sizes, minimum area requirements, and the effects of patch size, edges, and other landscape and habitat features on abundance and productivity. A special section on prey habitat is included for those predatory species that have more specific prey requirements. A table near the end of the account complements the section on suitable habitat, and lists the specific habitat characteristics for the species by individual studies. Details on habitat and microhabitat requirements often provide clues to how a species will respond to a particular management practice. The suitable habitat section describes the breeding habitat and occasionally microhabitat characteristics of the species, especially those habitats that occur in the Great Plains. A section on breeding range outlines the current breeding distribution of the species in North America, including areas that could not be mapped using BBS data. The species account begins with a brief capsule statement, which provides the fundamental components or keys to management for the species. It may be ineffectual to manage habitat at a site for a species that rarely occurs in an area. ![]() Although birds frequently are observed outside the breeding range indicated, the maps are intended to show areas where managers might concentrate their attention. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. ![]()
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